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RTL8201CP
SINGLE-CHIP/SINGLE-PORT 10/100M FAST ETHERNET PHYCEIVER (With Auto Crossover)
DATASHEET
Rev. 1.21 12 October 2004 Track ID: JATR-1076-21
RTL8201CP Datasheet
COPYRIGHT (c)2004 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language in any form or by any means without the written permission of Realtek Semiconductor Corp. DISCLAIMER Realtek provides this document "as is", without warranty of any kind, neither expressed nor implied, including, but not limited to, the particular purpose. Realtek may make improvements and/or changes in this document or in the product described in this document at any time. This document could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. TRADEMARKS Realtek is a trademark of Realtek Semiconductor Corporation. Other names mentioned in this document are trademarks/registered trademarks of their respective owners. USING THIS DOCUMENT This document is intended for the software engineer's reference and provides detailed programming information. Though every effort has been made to ensure that this document is current and accurate, more information may have become available subsequent to the production of this guide. In that event, please contact your Realtek representative for additional information that may help in the development process. REVISION HISTORY
Revision 1.0 1.1 1.2 Release Date 2003/06/09 2003/09/26 2004/01/20 Summary First release. Minor cosmetic changes. Modify LED Pin behavior. Add LED multi-mode definition (7.5 LED and PHY Address Configuration, page 19). Add Power dissipation info (Table 31). Bit <0:8> default setting changed to 0 (Table 9). Bit <0:13> default setting changed to 0 (Table 9). Bit <5:7> default setting changed to 0 (Table 14). Bit <17:5> default setting changed to 1 (Table 17). Bit <25:0> default setting changed to 0 (Table 20). Bit <25:1> default setting changed to 0 (Table 20). Bit <25:11~7> default setting changed to 00001 (Table 20). Package additions. See section 10, Ordering Information, page 33.
1.21
2004/10/12
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RTL8201CP Datasheet
Table of Contents
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. GENERAL DESCRIPTION................................................................................................................................................1 FEATURES...........................................................................................................................................................................1 BLOCK DIAGRAM.............................................................................................................................................................2 PIN ASSIGNMENTS ...........................................................................................................................................................3 PIN DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................................................4 5.1. 5.2. 5.3. 5.4. 5.5. 5.6. 5.7. 5.8. 6. 6.1. 6.2. 6.3. 6.4. 6.5. 6.6. 6.7. 6.8. 6.9. 6.10. 6.11. 6.12. 7. 7.1. 7.1.1. 7.1.2. 7.2. 7.2.1. 7.2.2. 7.2.3. 7.2.4. 7.3. 7.4. 7.5. 7.6. 7.7. 7.8. 7.8.1. 7.8.2. 7.8.3. 7.9. 7.10. 7.11. MII INTERFACE ............................................................................................................................................................4 SNI (SERIAL NETWORK INTERFACE) 10MBPS ONLY....................................................................................................5 CLOCK INTERFACE .......................................................................................................................................................5 10MBPS/100MBPS NETWORK INTERFACE....................................................................................................................5 DEVICE CONFIGURATION INTERFACE ...........................................................................................................................6 LED INTERFACE/PHY ADDRESS CONFIGURATION.......................................................................................................6 POWER AND GROUND PINS ..........................................................................................................................................7 RESET AND OTHER PINS...............................................................................................................................................7 REGISTER 0 BASIC MODE CONTROL REGISTER............................................................................................................8 REGISTER 1 BASIC MODE STATUS REGISTER ...............................................................................................................9 REGISTER 2 PHY IDENTIFIER REGISTER 1 ...................................................................................................................9 REGISTER 3 PHY IDENTIFIER REGISTER 2 ...................................................................................................................9 REGISTER 4 AUTO-NEGOTIATION ADVERTISEMENT REGISTER (ANAR) ....................................................................10 REGISTER 5 AUTO-NEGOTIATION LINK PARTNER ABILITY REGISTER (ANLPAR)......................................................10 REGISTER 6 AUTO-NEGOTIATION EXPANSION REGISTER (ANER) .............................................................................11 REGISTER 16 NWAY SETUP REGISTER (NSR) ............................................................................................................12 REGISTER 17 LOOPBACK, BYPASS, RECEIVER ERROR MASK REGISTER (LBREMR) ................................................12 REGISTER 18 RX_ER COUNTER (REC).....................................................................................................................13 REGISTER 19 SNR DISPLAY REGISTER ......................................................................................................................13 REGISTER 25 TEST REGISTER.....................................................................................................................................13 MII AND MANAGEMENT INTERFACE ..........................................................................................................................14 Data Transition.....................................................................................................................................................14 Serial Management...............................................................................................................................................15 AUTO-NEGOTIATION AND PARALLEL DETECTION ......................................................................................................16 Setting the Medium Type and Interface Mode to MAC.........................................................................................16 UTP Mode and MII Interface ...............................................................................................................................16 UTP Mode and SNI Interface ...............................................................................................................................17 Fiber Mode and MII Interface..............................................................................................................................17 FLOW CONTROL SUPPORT ..........................................................................................................................................17 HARDWARE CONFIGURATION AND AUTO-NEGOTIATION ............................................................................................18 LED AND PHY ADDRESS CONFIGURATION................................................................................................................19 SERIAL NETWORK INTERFACE....................................................................................................................................20 POWER DOWN, LINK DOWN, POWER SAVING, AND ISOLATION MODES......................................................................20 MEDIA INTERFACE .....................................................................................................................................................20 100Base-TX ..........................................................................................................................................................20 100Base-FX Fiber Mode Operation.....................................................................................................................21 10Base-T TX/RX ...................................................................................................................................................21 REPEATER MODE OPERATION.....................................................................................................................................22 RESET, AND TRANSMIT BIAS ......................................................................................................................................22 3.3V POWER SUPPLY AND VOLTAGE CONVERSION CIRCUIT.......................................................................................22 iii Track ID: JATR-1076-21 Rev. 1.21
REGISTER DESCRIPTIONS ............................................................................................................................................8
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION.......................................................................................................................................14
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RTL8201CP Datasheet
7.12. 8. 8.1. 8.1.1. 8.1.2. 8.1.3. 8.1.4. 8.2. 8.2.1. 8.2.2. 8.2.3. 8.2.4. 8.2.5. 8.3. 8.4. 9. 10. 9.1. FAR END FAULT INDICATION ......................................................................................................................................22 DC CHARACTERISTICS...............................................................................................................................................23 Absolute Maximum Ratings ..................................................................................................................................23 Operating Conditions ...........................................................................................................................................23 Power Dissipation ................................................................................................................................................23 Input Voltage: Vcc ................................................................................................................................................23 AC CHARACTERISTICS...............................................................................................................................................24 MII Transmission Cycle Timing............................................................................................................................24 MII Reception Cycle Timing .................................................................................................................................25 SNI Transmission Cycle Timing............................................................................................................................27 SNI Reception Cycle Timing .................................................................................................................................28 MDC/MDIO Timing..............................................................................................................................................29 CRYSTAL CHARACTERISTICS ......................................................................................................................................30 TRANSFORMER CHARACTERISTICS ............................................................................................................................30 MECHANICAL DIMENSIONS NOTES ............................................................................................................................32 ORDERING INFORMATION......................................................................................................................................33 CHARACTERISTICS .......................................................................................................................................................23
MECHANICAL DIMENSIONS .......................................................................................................................................31
List of Tables
Table 1. MII Interface..................................................................................................................................4 Table 2. SNI (Serial Network Interface) 10Mbps Only ..............................................................................5 Table 3. Clock Interface ..............................................................................................................................5 Table 4. 10Mbps/100Mbps Network Interface............................................................................................5 Table 5. Device Configuration Interface .....................................................................................................6 Table 6. LED Interface/PHY Address Configuration..................................................................................6 Table 7. Power and Ground Pins .................................................................................................................7 Table 8. Reset and Other Pins......................................................................................................................7 Table 9. Register 0 Basic Mode Control Register .......................................................................................8 Table 10. Register 1 Basic Mode Status Register..........................................................................................9 Table 11. Register 2 PHY Identifier Register 1.............................................................................................9 Table 12. Register 3 PHY Identifier Register 2.............................................................................................9 Table 13. Register 4 Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register (ANAR)..................................................10 Table 14. Register 5 Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Ability Register (ANLPAR) ....................................10 Table 15. Register 6 Auto-Negotiation Expansion Register (ANER) .........................................................11 Table 16. Register 16 NWay Setup Register (NSR)....................................................................................12 Table 17. Register 17 Loopback, Bypass, Receiver Error Mask Register (LBREMR) ..............................12 Table 18. Register 18 RX_ER Counter (REC)............................................................................................13 Table 19. Register 19 SNR Display Register ..............................................................................................13 Table 20. Register 25 Test Register.............................................................................................................13 Table 21. Serial Management ......................................................................................................................15 Table 22. Setting the Medium Type and Interface Mode to MAC..............................................................16 Table 23. UTP Mode and MII Interface ......................................................................................................16
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Table 24. UTP Mode and SNI Interface......................................................................................................17 Table 25. Fiber Mode and MII Interface .....................................................................................................17 Table 26. Auto-Negotiation Mode Pin Settings ..........................................................................................18 Table 27. LED Definitions ..........................................................................................................................19 Table 28. Power Saving Mode Pin Settings ................................................................................................20 Table 29. Absolute Maximum Ratings........................................................................................................23 Table 30. Operating Conditions...................................................................................................................23 Table 31. Power Dissipation........................................................................................................................23 Table 32. Input Voltage: Vcc.......................................................................................................................23 Table 33. MII Transmission Cycle Timing .................................................................................................24 Table 34. MII Reception Cycle Timing.......................................................................................................25 Table 35. SNI Transmission Cycle Timing .................................................................................................27 Table 36. SNI Reception Cycle Timing ......................................................................................................28 Table 37. MDC/MDIO Timing....................................................................................................................29 Table 38. Crystal Characteristics.................................................................................................................30 Table 39. Transformer Characteristics ........................................................................................................30 Table 40. Ordering Information...................................................................................................................33
List of Figures
Figure 1. Block Diagram .............................................................................................................................2 Figure 2. Pin Assignments...........................................................................................................................3 Figure 3. Read Cycle .................................................................................................................................15 Figure 4. Write Cycle ................................................................................................................................15 Figure 5. LED and PHY Address Configuration.......................................................................................19 Figure 7. MII Transmission Cycle Timing-1.............................................................................................24 Figure 8. MII Transmission Cycle Timing-2.............................................................................................25 Figure 9. MII Reception Cycle Timing-1 ..................................................................................................26 Figure 10. MII Reception Cycle Timing-2 ..................................................................................................26 Figure 11. SNI Transmission Cycle Timing-1 ............................................................................................27 Figure 12. SNI Transmission Cycle Timing-2 ............................................................................................27 Figure 13. SNI Reception Cycle Timing-1..................................................................................................28 Figure 14. SNI Reception Cycle Timing-2..................................................................................................28 Figure 15. MDC/MDIO Timing ..................................................................................................................29 Figure 16. MDC/MDIO MAC to PHY Transmission Without Collision ...................................................29 Figure 17. MDC/MDIO PHY to MAC Reception Without Error ...............................................................30
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1.
General Description
The RTL8201CP is a single-chip/single-port PHYceiver with an MII (Media Independent Interface)/SNI (Serial Network Interface). It implements all 10/100M Ethernet Physical-layer functions including the Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS), Physical Medium Attachment (PMA), Twisted Pair Physical Medium Dependent Sublayer (TP-PMD), with an auto crossover detection function, 10Base-Tx Encoder/Decoder, and Twisted-Pair Media Access Unit (TPMAU). A PECL (Pseudo Emitter Coupled Logic) interface is supported to connect with an external 100Base-FX fiber optical transceiver. The chip utilizes an advanced CMOS process to meet low voltage and low power requirements. With on-chip DSP (Digital Signal Processing) technology, the chip provides excellent performance under all operating conditions. The RTL8201CP can be used for applications such as those for a Network Interface Adapter, MAU (Media Access Unit), CNR (Communication and Network Riser), ACR (Advanced Communication Riser), an Ethernet hub, and an Ethernet switch. In addition, it can be used in any embedded system with an Ethernet MAC that needs a UTP physical connection or Fiber PECL interface to an external 100Base-FX optical transceiver module.
2.
Features
Pin-to-pin compatible with the RTL8201BL Supports MII and 7-wire SNI (Serial Network Interface) 10/100Mbps operation Full/half duplex operation Twisted pair or fiber mode output Auto-Negotiation Supports power down mode Supports operation under Link Down Power Saving mode Supports Base Line Wander (BLW) compensation Supports auto crossover detection (new RTL8201CP function) Supports repeater mode Adaptive Equalization Network status LEDs Flow control support 25MHz crystal/oscillator as clock source IEEE 802.3/802.3u compliant Supports IEEE 802.3u clause 28; 1.8V operation with 3.3V IO signal tolerance Low dual power supply, 1.8V and 3.3V; 1.8V is generated by an internal regulator 0.18m CMOS process 48-pin LQFP package
The Realtek RTL8201CP is a Fast Ethernet PHYceiver with selectable MII or SNI interface to the MAC chip. It provides the following features:
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3.
Block Diagram
100M
5B 4B Decoder Data Alignment Descrambler
MII Interface
RXD RXC 25M
SNI Interface
10/100 half/full Switch Logic
4B 5B Encoder
Scrambler
TXD TXC 25M
10/100M Auto-negotiation Control Logic
Link pulse
10M
TXC10 TXD10 Manchester coded waveform 10M Output waveform shaping
RXC10 RXD10
Data Recovery
Receive low pass filter
TXC 25M TXD
Parrallel to Serial
TD+
3 Level Driver
TXO+ TXO -
Variable Current Baseline wander Correction MLT-3 to NRZI 3 Level Comparator
Peak Detect
Adaptive Equalizer
RXIN+ RXIN-
RXC 25M RXD
Serial to Parrallel
ck data
Slave PLL
Master PPL Control Voltage
25M
Figure 1. Block Diagram
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4.
Pin Assignments
32. PWFBOUT 36. AVDD33 31. TPRX+ 28. RTSET 34. TPTX+ 30. TPRX33. TPTX35. AGND 29. AGND 26. MDIO
25. MDC
27. NC
37. ANE 38. DUPLEX 39. SPEED 40. RPTR 41. LDPS 42. RESETB 43. ISOLATE 44. MII/SNIB 45. DGND 46. X1 47. X2 48. DVDD33
24. RXER /FXEN 23. CRS 22. RXDV 21. RXD0 20. RXD1 19. RXD2
RTL8201CP
18. RXD3 17. DGND 16. RXC 15. LED4/ PHYAD4 14. DVDD33 13. LED3/ PHYAD3
10. LED1/ PHYAD1
Figure 2. Pin Assignments
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12. LED2/ PHYAD2
9. LED0/ PHYAD0
8. PWFBIN
11. DGND
2. TXEN
3. TXD3
4. TXD2
5. TXD1
6. TXD0
1. COL
7. TXC
RTL8201CP Datasheet
5.
Pin Description
O: Output P: Power I: Input
LI: Latched Input during Power up or Reset IO: Bi-directional input and output
5.1. MII Interface
Name TXC TXEN TXD[3:0] RXC COL Type O I I O LI/O Pin No. 7 2 3, 4, 5, 6 16 1 Table 1. MII Interface Description Transmit Clock. This pin provides a continuous clock as a timing reference for TXD[3:0] and TXEN. Transmit Enable. The input signal indicates the presence of valid nibble data on TXD[3:0]. Transmit Data. The MAC will source TXD[0..3] synchronous with TXC when TXEN is asserted. Receive Clock. This pin provides a continuous clock reference for RXDV and RXD[0..3] signals. RXC is 25MHz in 100Mbps mode and 2.5Mhz in 10Mbps mode. Collision Detect. COL is asserted high when a collision is detected on the media. During power on reset, this pin status is latched to determine at which LED mode to operate: 0: CP LED mode 1: BL LED mode An internal weak pull low resistor sets this to the default CP LED mode. It is possible to use an external 5.1K pull high resistor to enable BL LED mode. Carrier Sense. This pin's signal is asserted high if the media is not in Idle state. An internal weak pull low resistor sets this to normal operation mode. An external 5.1K pull low resistor could be reserved to ensure operating at normal mode. Receive Data Valid. This pin's signal is asserted high when received data is present on the RXD[3:0] lines. The signal is de-asserted at the end of the packet. The signal is valid on the rising edge of the RXC. Receive Data. These are the four parallel receive data lines aligned on the nibble boundaries driven synchronously to the RXC for reception by the external physical unit (PHY). Receive Error. If a 5B decode error occurs, such as invalid /J/K/, invalid /T/R/, or invalid symbol, this pin will go high. Fiber/UTP Enable. During power on reset, this pin status is latched to determine the media mode to operate in. 1: Fiber mode 0: UTP mode An internal weak pull low resistor sets this to the default of UTP mode. It is possible to use an external 5.1K pull high resistor to enable fiber mode. After power on, the pin operates as the Receive Error pin. 4 Track ID: JATR-1076-21 Rev. 1.21
CRS
LI/O
23
RXDV
O
22
RXD[3:0]
O
18, 19, 20, 21
RXER/ FXEN
LI/O
24
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RTL8201CP Datasheet
Name MDC MDIO Type I IO Pin No. 25 26 Description Management Data Clock. This pin provides a clock synchronous to MDIO, which may be asynchronous to the transmit TXC and receive RXC clocks. The clock rate can be up to 2.5MHz. Management Data Input/Output. This pin provides the bi-directional signal used to transfer management information.
5.2. SNI (Serial Network Interface) 10Mbps Only
Name COL RXD0 CRS RXC TXD0 TXC TXEN Type O O O O I O I Table 2. SNI (Serial Network Interface) 10Mbps Only Pin No. Description 1 Collision Detect. 21 Received Serial Data. 23 Carrier Sense. 16 Receive Clock. Resolved from received data. 6 Transmit Serial Data. 7 Transmit Clock. Generated by PHY. 2 Transmit Enable. For MAC to indicate transmit operation.
5.3. Clock Interface
Name X2 X1 Type O I Pin No. 47 46 Table 3. Clock Interface Description 25MHz Crystal Output. This pin provides the 25MHz crystal output. It must be left open when an external 25MHz oscillator drives X1. 25MHz Crystal Input. This pin provides the 25MHz crystal input. If a 25MHz oscillator is used, connect X1 to the oscillator's output (see 8.3 Crystal Characteristics, page 30, for clock source specifications.
5.4. 10Mbps/100Mbps Network Interface
Name TPTX+ TPTXRTSET Type O O I Table 4. 10Mbps/100Mbps Network Interface Pin No. Description 34 Transmit Output. 33 Differential transmit output pair shared by 100Base-TX, 100Base-FX and 10Base-T modes. When configured as 100Base-TX, output is an MLT-3 encoded waveform. When configured as 100Base-FX, the output is pseudo-ECL level. 28 Transmit Bias Resistor Connection. This pin should be pulled to GND by a 2K (1%) resistor to define driving current for the transmit DAC. The resistance value may be changed, depending on experimental results of the RTL8201CP. 31 Receive Input. 30 Differential receive input pair shared by 100Base-TX, 100Base-FX, and 10Base-T modes. 5 Track ID: JATR-1076-21 Rev. 1.21
TPRX+ TPRX-
I I
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RTL8201CP Datasheet
5.5. Device Configuration Interface
Name ISOLATE RPTR SPEED DUPLEX ANE LDPS MII/SNIB Type I I LI LI LI I LI/O Pin No. 43 40 39 38 37 41 44 Table 5. Device Configuration Interface Description Set high to isolate the RTL8201CP from the MAC. This will also isolate the MDC/MDIO management interface. In this mode, the power consumption is minimum. This pin can be directly connected to GND or VCC. Set high to put the RTL8201CP into repeater mode. This pin can be directly connected to GND or VCC. This pin is latched to input during a power on or reset condition. Set high to put the RTL8201CP into 100Mbps operation. This pin can be directly connected to GND or VCC. This pin is latched to input during a power on or reset condition. Set high to enable full duplex. This pin can be directly connected to GND or VCC. This pin is latched to input during a power on or reset condition. Set high to enable Auto-negotiation mode, set low to force mode. This pin can be directly connected to GND or VCC. Set high to put the RTL8201CP into LDPS mode. This pin can be directly connected to GND or VCC. See 7.7 Power Down, Link Down, Power Saving, and Isolation Modes, page 20, for more information. This pin is latched to input during a power on or reset condition. Pull high to set the RTL8201CP into MII mode operation. Set low for SNI mode. This pin can be directly connected to GND or VCC.
5.6. LED Interface/PHY Address Configuration
These five pins are latched into the RTL8201CP during power up reset to configure the PHY address [0:4] used for the MII management register interface. In normal operation, after initial reset, they are used as driving pins for status indicator LEDs. The driving polarity, active low or active high, is determined by each latched status of the PHY address [4:0] during power-up reset. If the latched status is High, then it will be active low. If the latched status is Low, then it will be active high. See section 7.5 LED and PHY Address Configuration, page 19, for more information.
Name PHYAD0/ LED0 PHYAD1/ LED1 PHYAD2/ LED2 Type LI/O LI/O LI/O Table 6. LED Interface/PHY Address Configuration Pin No. Description 9 PHY Address [0]. Link LED. Lit when linked. 10 PHY Address [1]. Full Duplex LED. Lit when in Full Duplex operation. 12 PHY Address [2]. CP LED Mode: 10 ACT LED Blinking when transmitting or receiving data. BL LED Mode: Link 10 / ACT LED Active when linked in 10Base-T mode, and blinking when transmitting or receiving data.
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Name PHYAD3/ LED3 Type LI/O Pin No. 13 Description PHY Address [3]. CP LED Mode: 100 ACT LED Blinking when transmitting or receiving data. BL LED Mode: Link 100 / ACT LED Active when linked in 100Base-T mode, and blinking when transmitting or receiving data. PHY Address [4]. Collision LED. Blinks when collisions occur.
PHYAD4/ LED4
LI/O
15
5.7. Power and Ground Pins
Name AVDD33 AGND DVDD33 DGND Type P P P P Pin No. 36 29, 35 14, 48 11, 17, 45 Table 7. Power and Ground Pins Description 3.3V Analog Power Input. 3.3V power supply for analog circuit; should be well decoupled. Analog Ground. Should be connected to a larger GND plane. 3.3V Digital Power Input. 3.3V power supply for digital circuit. Digital Ground. Should be connected to a larger GND plane.
5.8. Reset and Other Pins
Name RESETB PWFBOUT Type I O Pin No. 42 32 Table 8. Reset and Other Pins Description RESETB. Set low to reset the chip. For a complete reset, this pin must be asserted low for at least 10ms. Power Feedback Output. Be sure to connect a 22uF tantalum capacitor for frequency compensation and a 0.1uF capacitor for noise de-coupling. Then connect this pin through a ferrite bead to PWFBIN (pin8). The connection method is outlined in 7.11 3.3V Power Supply and Voltage Conversion Circuit, page 22. Power Feedback Input. See the PWFBOUT description above. Not Connected.
PWFBIN NC
I
8 27
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6.
Register Descriptions
This section describes the functions and usage of the registers available in the RTL8201CP. In this section the following abbreviations are used: RO: Read Only RW: Read/Write
6.1. Register 0 Basic Mode Control Register
Address 0:15 Table 9. Register 0 Basic Mode Control Register Description This bit sets the status and control registers of the PHY in a default state. This bit is self-clearing. 1: Software reset 0: Normal operation Loopback This bit enables loopback of transmit data nibbles TXD3:0 to the receive data path. 1: Enable loopback 0: Normal operation Spd_Set This bit sets the network speed. 1: 100Mbps 0: 10Mbps After completing auto negotiation, this bit will reflect the Speed status. 1: 100Base-T 0: 10Base-T) When 100Base-FX mode is enabled, this bit=1 and is read only. Auto This bit enables/disables the NWay auto-negotiation function. Negotiation 1: Enable auto-negotiation; bits 0:13 and 0:8 will be ignored. Enable 0: Disable auto-negotiation; bits 0:13 and 0:8 will determine the link speed and the data transfer mode, respectively. When 100Base-FX mode is enabled, this bit=0 and is read only. Power Down This bit turns down the power of the PHY chip, including the internal crystal oscillator circuit. The MDC, MDIO is still alive for accessing the MAC. 1: Power down 0: Normal operation Reserved Restart Auto This bits allows the NWay auto-negotiation function to be reset. Negotiation 1: Re-start auto-negotiation 0: Normal operation Duplex This bit sets the duplex mode if auto-negotiation is disabled Mode (bit 0:12=0). 1: Full duplex 0: Half duplex After completing auto-negotiation, this bit will reflect the duplex status. 1: Full duplex 0: Half duplex Reserved Name Reset Mode RW Default 0
0:14
RW
0
0:13
RW
0
0:12
RW
1
0:11
RW
0
0:10 0:9 0:8
RW RW
0 0
0:7:0
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6.2. Register 1 Basic Mode Status Register
Address 1:15 1:14 1:13 1:12 1:11 1:10~7 1:6 Table 10. Register 1 Basic Mode Status Register Name Description 100Base-T4 1: Enable 100Base-T4 support 0: Suppress 100Base-T4 support 100Base_TX_ FD 1: Enable 100Base-TX full duplex support 0: Suppress 100Base-TX full duplex support 100BASE_TX_HD 1: Enable 100Base-TX half duplex support 0: Suppress 100Base-TX half duplex support 10Base_T_FD 1: Enable 10Base-T full duplex support 0: Suppress 10Base-T full duplex support 10_Base_T_HD 1: Enable 10Base-T half duplex support 0: Suppress 10Base-T half duplex support Reserved MF Preamble The RTL8201CP will accept management frames with preamble Suppression suppressed. A minimum of 32 preamble bits are required for the first SMI read/write transaction after reset. One idle bit is required between any two management transactions as per IEEE 802.3u specifications. Auto Negotiation 1: Auto-negotiation process completed Complete 0: Auto-negotiation process not completed Remote Fault 1: Remote fault condition detected (cleared on read) 0: No remote fault condition detected When in 100Base-FX mode, this bit means an in-band signal Far-End-Fault has been detected. See 7.12 Far End Fault Indication, page 22. Auto Negotiation 1: Link has not experienced fail state 0: Link experienced fail state Link Status 1: Valid link established 0: No valid link established Jabber Detect 1: Jabber condition detected 0: No jabber condition detected Extended Capability 1: Extended register capability 0: Basic register capability only Mode RO RO RO RO RO RO Default 0 1 1 1 1 1
1:5 1:4
RO RO
0 0
1:3 1:2 1:1 1:0
RO RO RO RO
1 0 0 1
6.3. Register 2 PHY Identifier Register 1
Address 2:15~0 Name PHYID1 Table 11. Register 2 PHY Identifier Register 1 Description PHY identifier ID for software recognition of the RTL8201CP. Mode RO Default 0000
6.4. Register 3 PHY Identifier Register 2
Address 3:15~0 Name PHYID2 Table 12. Register 3 PHY Identifier Register 2 Description PHY identifier ID for software recognition of the RTL8201CP. Mode RO Default 8201
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6.5. Register 4 Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register (ANAR)
This register contains the advertised abilities of this device as they will be transmitted to its link partner during auto-negotiation.
Address 4:15 4:14 4:13 4:12 4:11 4:10 4:9 4:8 4:7 4:6 4:5 4:4~0 Table 13. Register 4 Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register (ANAR) Name Description Mode NP Next Page bit. RO 0: Transmitting the primary capability data page 1: Transmitting the protocol specific data page ACK 1: Acknowledge reception of link partner capability data word RO 0: Do not acknowledge reception RF 1: Advertise remote fault detection capability RW 0: Do not advertise remote fault detection capability Reserved TXFC 1: TX flow control is supported by local node RW 0: TX flow control not supported by local node RXFC 1: RX flow control is supported by local node RW 0: RX flow control not supported by local node T4 1: 100Base-T4 is supported by local node RO 0: 100Base-T4 not supported by local node TXFD 1: 100Base-TX full duplex is supported by local node RW 0: 100Base-TX full duplex not supported by local node TX 1: 100Base-TX is supported by local node RW 0: 100Base-TX not supported by local node 10FD 1: 10Base-T full duplex supported by local node RW 0: 10Base-T full duplex not supported by local node 10 1: 10Base-T is supported by local node RW 0: 10Base-T not supported by local node Selector Binary encoded selector supported by this node. Currently only RW CSMA/CD 00001 is specified. No other protocols are supported. Default 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 00001
6.6. Register 5 Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Ability Register (ANLPAR)
This register contains the advertised abilities of the Link Partner as received during auto-negotiation. The content changes after a successful auto-negotiation if Next-pages are supported.
Address 5:15 5:14 5:13 5:12 5:11 Table 14. Register 5 Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Ability Register (ANLPAR) Name Description Mode NP Next Page bit. RO 0: Transmitting the primary capability data page 1: Transmitting the protocol specific data page ACK 1: Link partner acknowledges reception of local node's capability RO data word 0: No acknowledgement RF 1: Link partner is indicating a remote fault RO 0: Link partner does not indicate a remote fault Reserved TXFC 1: TX flow control is supported by Link partner RO 0: TX flow control not supported by Link partner 10 Default 0 0 0 0
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RTL8201CP Datasheet
Address 5:10 5:9 5:8 5:7 Name RXFC T4 TXFD 100BASE-TX Description 1: RX flow control is supported by Link partner 0: RX flow control not supported by Link partner 1: 100Base-T4 is supported by link partner 0: 100Base-T4 not supported by link partner 1: 100Base-TX full duplex is supported by link partner 0: 100Base-TX full duplex not supported by link partner 1: 100Base-TX is supported by link partner 0: 100Base-TX not supported by link partner This bit will also be set if the link in 100Base is established by parallel detection. 1: 10Base-T full duplex is supported by link partner 0: 10Base-T full duplex not supported by link partner 1: 10Base-T is supported by link partner 0: 10Base-T not supported by link partner This bit will also be set if the link in 10Base-T is established by parallel detection. Link Partner's binary encoded node selector Currently only CSMA/CD 00001 is specified Mode RO RO RO RO Default 0 0 0 0
5:6 5:5
10FD 10Base-T
RO RO
0 0
5:4~0
Selector
RO
00000
6.7. Register 6 Auto-Negotiation Expansion Register (ANER)
This register contains additional status for NWay auto-negotiation.
Address 6:15~5 6:4 6:3 6:2 6:1 6:0 Table 15. Register 6 Auto-Negotiation Expansion Register (ANER) Name Description Mode Reserved This bit is permanently set to 0. MLF Indicates whether a multiple link fault has occurred. RO 1: Fault occurred 0: No fault occurred LP_NP_ABLE Indicates whether the link partner supports Next Page negotiation. RO 1: Supported 0: Not supported NP_ABLE This bit indicates whether the local node is able to send additional RO Next Pages. Internal use only. PAGE_RX This bit is set when a new Link Code Word Page has been RO received. It is automatically cleared when the auto-negotiation link partner's ability register (register 5) is read by management. LP_NW_ABLE 1: Link partner supports NWay auto-negotiation. RO Default 0 0 0 0 0
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6.8. Register 16 NWay Setup Register (NSR)
Address 16:15~12 16:11 16:10 16:9 16:8~3 16:2 16:1 16:0 Name Reserved ENNWLE Testfun NWLPBK Reserved FLAGABD FLAGPDF FLAGLSC Table 16. Register 16 NWay Setup Register (NSR) Description 1: LED4 Pin indicates linkpulse 1: Auto-negotiation speeds up internal timer 1: Set NWay to loopback mode 1: Auto-negotiation experienced ability detect state 1: Auto-negotiation experienced parallel detection fault state 1: Auto-negotiation experienced link status check state Mode RW RW RW RO RO RO Default 0 0 0 0 0 0
6.9. Register 17 Loopback, Bypass, Receiver Error Mask Register (LBREMR)
Address 17:15 17:14 17:13 17:12 17:11 17:10 17:9 17:8 17:7 17:6 17:5 17:4 17:3 17:2 17:1 17:0 Table 17. Register 17 Loopback, Bypass, Receiver Error Mask Register (LBREMR) Name Description Mode RPTR Set to 1 to put the RTL8201CP into repeater mode. RW BP_4B5B Assertion of this bit allows bypassing of the 4B/5B & 5B/4B RW encoder. BP_SCR Assertion of this bit allows bypassing of the RW scrambler/descrambler. LDPS Set to 1 to enable Link Down Power Saving mode. RW AnalogOFF Set to 1 to power down analog function of transmitter and receiver. RW Reserve Reserved. LB Set to 1 to enable DSP Loopback. RW F_Link_10 Used to logic force good link in 10Mbps for diagnostic purposes. RW F_Link_100 Used to logic force good link in 100Mbps for diagnostic purposes. RW JBEN Set to 1 to enable Jabber Function in 10Base-T. RW CODE_err Assertion of this bit causes a code error detection to be reported. RW PME_err Assertion of this bit causes a pre-mature end error detection to be RW reported. LINK_err Assertion of this bit causes a link error detection to be reported. RW PKT_err Assertion of this bit causes a `detection of packet errors due to RW 722 ms time-out' to be reported. FXMODE This bit indicates whether Fiber Mode is Enabled. RO RMIIMODE This bit indicates whether RMII mode is Enabled. RO Default 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
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6.10. Register 18 RX_ER Counter (REC)
Address 18:15~0 Name RXERCNT Table 18. Register 18 RX_ER Counter (REC) Description This 16-bit counter increments by 1 for each valid packet received. Mode RW Default H'[0000]
6.11. Register 19 SNR Display Register
Address 19:15~4 19:3~0 Name Reserved SNR Table 19. Register 19 SNR Display Register Description Realtek Test Mode Internal use. Do not change this field without Realtek's approval. These 4-bits show the Signal to Noise Ratio value. Mode Default
RW
0000
6.12. Register 25 Test Register
Address 25:15~12 25:11~7 25:6~2 25:1 25:0 Name Test PHYAD[4:0] Test LINK10 LINK100 Table 20. Register 25 Test Register Description Reserved for internal testing. Reflects the PHY address defined by external PHY address configuration pins. Reserved for internal testing. 1: 10Base-T link established 0: No 10Base-T link established 1: 100Base-FX or 100Base-TX link established 0: No 100Base link established Mode RW RO RO RO RO Default 00001 0 0
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RTL8201CP Datasheet
7.
Functional Description
The RTL8201CP PHYceiver is a physical layer device that integrates 10Base-T and 100Base-TX/100Base-FX functions, and some extra power management features into a 48-pin single chip that is used in 10/100 Fast Ethernet applications. This device supports the following functions: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * MII interface with MDC/MDIO SMI management interface to communicate with MAC IEEE 802.3u clause 28 Auto-Negotiation ability Flow control ability support to cooperate with MAC Speed, duplex, auto-negotiation ability configurable by hard wire or MDC/MDIO Flexible LED configuration 7-wire SNI (Serial Network Interface) support (only in 10Mbps mode) Power Down mode support 4B/5B transform Scrambling/De-scrambling NRZ to NRZI, NRZI to MLT-3 Manchester Encode and Decode for 10Base-T operation Clock and Data recovery Adaptive Equalization Far End Fault Indication (FEFI) in fiber mode
7.1. MII and Management Interface
7.1.1. Data Transition
To set the RTL8201CP for MII mode operation, pull the MII/SNIB pin high and set the ANE, SPEED, and DUPLEX pins. The MII (Media Independent Interface) is an 18-signal interface (as described in IEEE 802.3u) supplying a standard interface between the PHY and MAC layer. This interface operates at two frequencies - 25MHz and 2.5MHz to support 100Mbps/10Mbps bandwidth for both transmit and receive functions. Transmission The MAC asserts the TXEN signal. It then changes byte data into 4-bit nibbles and passes them to the PHY via TXD[0..3]. The PHY will sample TXD[0..3] synchronously with TXC -- the transmit clock signal supplied by PHY - during the interval TXEN is asserted. Reception The PHY asserts the RXEN signal. It passes the received nibble data RXD[0..3] clocked by RXC. CRS and COL signals are used for collision detection and handling. In 100Base-TX mode, when the decoded signal in 5B is not IDLE, the CRS signal will assert. When 5B is recognized as IDLE it will be de-asserted. In 10Base-T mode, CRS will assert when the 10M preamble has been confirmed and will be de-asserted when the IDLE pattern has been confirmed.
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RTL8201CP Datasheet
The RXDV signal will be asserted when decoded 5B are /J/K/ and will be de-asserted if the 5B are /T/R/ or IDLE in 100Mbps mode. In 10Mbps mode, the RXDV signal is the same as the CRS signal. The RXER (Receive Error) signal will be asserted if any 5B decode errors occur such as invalid J/K, invalid T/R, or invalid symbol. This pin will go high for one or more clock periods to indicate to the reconciliation sublayer that an error was detected somewhere in the frame. Note: The RTL8201CP does not use a TXER signal. This does not affect the transmit function.
7.1.2.
Serial Management
The MAC layer device can use the MDC/MDIO management interface to control a maximum of 31 RTL8201CP devices, configured with different PHY addresses (00001b to 11111b). During a hardware reset, the logic levels of pins 9, 10, 12, 13, 15 are latched into the RTL8201CP to be set as the PHY address for management communication via the serial interface. Setting the PHY address to 00000b will put the RTL8201CP into power down mode. The read and write frame structure for the management interface is illustrated in Figure 3 and Figure 4.
MDC MDIO
32 1s
Preamble 0 ST 1 1 OP 0 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 Z 0 TA D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Idle
PHYAD[4:0]
REGAD[4:0]
DATA
MDIO is sourced by MAC. Clock data into PHY on rising edge of MDC
MDIO is sourced by PHY. Clock data from PHY on rising edge of MDC
Figure 3. Read Cycle
MDC MDIO
32 1s Preamble 0 ST 1 0 OP 1 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 1 TA 0 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Idle
PHYAD[4:0]
REGAD[4:0]
DATA
MDIO is sourced by MAC. Clock data into PHY on rising edge of MDC
Figure 4. Write Cycle Table 21. Serial Management Description 32 contiguous logical `1's sent by the MAC on MDIO along with 32 corresponding cycles on MDC. This provides synchronization for the PHY. Start of Frame. Indicated by a 01 pattern. Operation Code. Read: 10 Write: 01 PHY Address. Up to 31 PHYs can be connected to one MAC. This 5-bit field selects which PHY the frame is directed to. Register Address. This is a 5-bit field that sets which of the 32 registers of the PHY this operation refers to. Turnaround. This is a 2-bit time-spacing between the register address and the data field of a frame to avoid contention during a read transaction. For a read transaction, both the STA and the PHY shall remain in a high-impedance state for the first bit time of the turnaround. The PHY shall drive a zero bit during the second bit time of the turnaround of a read transaction. Data. These are the 16 bits of data. Idle Condition. Not truly part of the management frame. This is a high impedance state. Electrically, the PHY's pull-up resistor will pull the MDIO line to a logical `1'.
Name Preamble ST OP PHYAD REGAD TA
DATA IDLE
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RTL8201CP Datasheet
7.2. Auto-Negotiation and Parallel Detection
The RTL8201CP supports IEEE 802.3u clause 28 Auto-negotiation for operation with other transceivers supporting auto-negotiation. The RTL8201CP can auto detect the link partner's abilities and determine the highest speed/duplex configuration possible between the two devices. If the link partner does not support auto-negotiation, then the RTL8201CP will enable half duplex mode and enter parallel detection mode. The RTL8201CP will default to transmit FLP (Fast Link Pulse) and wait for the link partner to respond. If the RTL8201CP receives FLP, then the auto-negotiation process will go on. If it receives NLP (Normal Link Pulse), then the RTL8201CP will change to 10Mbps and half duplex mode. If it receives a 100Mbps IDLE pattern, it will change to 100Mbps and half duplex mode. To enable auto-negotiation mode operation on the RTL8201CP, just pull the ANE (Auto-Negotiation Enable) pin high. The SPEED and DUPLEX pins will set the ability content of the auto-negotiation register. Auto-negotiation mode can be externally disabled by pulling the ANE pin low. In this case, the SPEED pin and DUPLEX pin will change the media configuration of the RTL8201CP. Below is a list of all configurations of the ANE/SPEED/DUPLEX pins and their operation in Fiber or UTP mode.
7.2.1.
Setting the Medium Type and Interface Mode to MAC
Table 22. Setting the Medium Type and Interface Mode to MAC MII/SNIB (Pin 44) Operation Mode H UTP mode and MII interface. L UTP mode and SNI interface. X Fiber mode and MII interface.
FX (Pin 24) L L H
7.2.2.
ANE (Pin 37) H H H H L L L L
UTP Mode and MII Interface
SPEED (Pin 39) L L H H L L H H Table 23. UTP Mode and MII Interface DUPLEX Operation (Pin 38) Auto-negotiation enabled. The ability field does not support 100Mbps or full L duplex mode operation. Auto-negotiation enabled. The ability field does not support 100Mbps H operation. Auto-negotiation enabled. The ability field does not support full duplex L mode operation. Default setup, auto-negotiation enabled. The RTL8201CP supports 10Base-T H /100Base-TX, half/full duplex mode operation. Auto-negotiation disabled. Forces the RTL8201CP into 10Base-T and half L duplex mode. Auto-negotiation disabled. Forces the RTL8201CP into 10Base-T and full H duplex mode. Auto-negotiation disabled. Forces the RTL8201CP into 100Base-TX and half L duplex mode. Auto-negotiation disabled. Forces the RTL8201CP into 100Base-TX and full H duplex mode.
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7.2.3.
ANE (Pin 37) X X
UTP Mode and SNI Interface
SPEED (Pin 39) X X Table 24. UTP Mode and SNI Interface DUPLEX Operation (Pin 38) L The duplex pin is pulled low to support the 10Base-T half duplex function. 10Base-T half duplex is the specified default mode in the SNI interface. H The RTL8201CP also supports full duplex in SNI mode. The duplex pin is pulled high to support 10Base-T full duplex function.
SNI interface to MAC (only operates in 10Base-T when the SNI interface is enabled)
7.2.4.
Fiber Mode and MII Interface
Table 25. Fiber Mode and MII Interface DUPLEX Operation (Pin 38) H The duplex pin is pulled high to support 100Base-FX full duplex function. L The duplex pin is pulled low to support 100Base-FX half duplex function.
The RTL8201CP only supports 100Base-FX when Fiber mode is enabled. ANE (Auto-Negotiation Enable) and SPEED configuration is ignored when Fiber mode is enabled.
ANE (Pin 37) X X SPEED (Pin 39) X X
7.3. Flow Control Support
The RTL8201CP supports flow control indications. The MAC can program the MII register to indicate to the PHY that flow control is supported. When the MAC supports the Flow Control mechanism, setting bit 10 of the ANAR register using the MDC/MDIO SMI interface, then the RTL8201CP will add the ability to its NWay ability. If the Link partner also supports Flow Control, then the RTL8201CP can recognize the Link partner's NWay ability by examining bit 10 of ANLPAR (register 5).
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7.4. Hardware Configuration and Auto-Negotiation
This section describes methods to configure the RTL8201CP and set the auto-negotiation mode. Table 26 shows the various pins and their settings.
Pin Name Isolate RPTR LDPS MII/SNIB ANE SPEED DUPLEX Table 26. Auto-Negotiation Mode Pin Settings Description Set high to isolate the RTL8201CP from the MAC. This will also isolate the MDC/MDIO management interface. In this mode, power consumption is minimum (see 7.7 Power Down, Link Down, Power Saving, and Isolation Modes, page 20). Pull high to set the RTL8201CP into repeater mode. This pin is pulled low by default (see 7.9 Repeater Mode Operation, page 22. Pull high to set the RTL8201CP into LDPS mode. This pin is pulled low by default (see 7.7 Power Down, Link Down, Power Saving, and Isolation Modes, page 20). Pull high to set RTL8201CP into MII mode operation, which is the default mode for the RTL8201. This pin pulled low will set the RTL8201CP into SNI mode operation. When set to SNI mode, the RTL8201CP will operate at 10Mbps (see 7.6 Serial Network Interface, page 20). Auto-Negotiation Enable. Pull high to enable auto-negotiation (default). Pull low to disable autonegotiation and activate the parallel detection mechanism (see 7.2 Auto-Negotiation and Parallel Detection, page 16). When ANE is pulled high, the ability to adjust speed is setup. When ANE is pulled low, pull this pin low to force 10Mbps operation and high to force 100Mbps operation (see 7.2 Auto-Negotiation and Parallel Detection, page 16). When ANE is pulled high, the ability to adjust the DUPLEX pin will be setup. When ANE is pulled low, pull this pin low to force half duplex and high to force full duplex operation (see 7.2 AutoNegotiation and Parallel Detection, page 16).
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7.5. LED and PHY Address Configuration
In order to reduce the pin count on the RTL8201CP, the LED pins are duplexed with the PHY address pins. Because the PHYAD strap options share the LED output pins, the external combinations required for strapping and LED usage must be considered in order to avoid contention. Specifically, when the LED outputs are used to drive LEDs directly, the active state of each output driver is dependent on the logic level sampled by the corresponding PHYAD input upon power-up/reset. For example, as Figure 5 (leftside) shows, if a given PHYAD input is resistively pulled high then the corresponding output will be configured as an active low driver. On the right side, we can see that if a given PHYAD input is resistively pulled low then the corresponding output will be configured as an active high driver. The PHY address configuration pins should not be connected to GND or VCC directly, but must be pulled high or low through a resistor (ex 5.1K). If no LED indications are needed, the components of the LED path (LED+510) can be removed.
VCC LED PAD[0:4]/ LED[0:4] 5.1K ohm 510 ohm PAD[0:4]/ LED[0:4] 5.1K ohm LED
510 ohm
PHY Address[:] = Logical 1 LED Indication = Active low
PHY Address[:] = Logical 0 LED Indication = Active High
Figure 5. LED and PHY Address Configuration Table 27. LED Definitions LED Definitions Link Full Duplex [CP LED Mode]10-Activity [CP LED Mode]Fiber/100-Activity Collision
LED LED0 LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4
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7.6. Serial Network Interface
The RTL8201CP also supports the traditional 7-wire serial interface to operate with legacy MACs or embedded systems. To setup for this mode of operation, pull the MII/SNIB pin low. By doing so, the RTL8201CP will ignore the setup of the ANE and SPEED pins. In this mode, the RTL8201CP will set the default operation to 10Mbps and half-duplex mode. Note: The RTL8201CP also supports full-duplex mode operation if the DUPLEX pin has been pulled high. This interface consists of a 10Mbps transmit and receive clock generated by PHY, 10Mbps transmit and receive serial data, transmit enable, collision detect, and carry sense signals.
7.7. Power Down, Link Down, Power Saving, and Isolation Modes
Four types of Power Saving mode operation are supported. This section describes how to implement each mode. The first three modes are configured through software, and the fourth through hardware.
Table 28. Power Saving Mode Pin Settings Description Setting bit 11 of register 17 to 1 will put the RTL8201CP into analog off state. In analog off state, the RTL8201CP will power down all analog functions such as transmit, receive, PLL, etc. However, the internal 25MHz crystal oscillator will not be powered down. Digital functions in this mode are still available which allows reacquisition of analog functions Setting bit 12 of register 17 to 1, or pulling the LDPS pin high will put the RTL8201CP into LDPS (Link Down Power Saving) mode. In LDPS mode, the RTL8201CP will detect the link status to decide whether or not to turn off the transmit function. If the link is off, FLP or 100Mbps IDLE/10Mbps NLP will not be transmitted. However, some signals similar to NLP will be transmitted. Once the receiver detects leveled signals, it will stop the signal and transmit FLP or 100Mbps IDLE/10Mbps NLP again. This can cut power used by 60%~80% when the link is down. Setting bit 11 of register 0 to 1 puts the RTL8201CP into power down mode. This is the maximum power saving mode while the RTL8201CP is still alive. In PWD mode, the RTL8201CP will turn off all analog/digital functions except the MDC/MDIO management interface. Therefore, if the RTL8201CP is put into PWD mode and the MAC wants to recall the PHY, it must create the MDC/MDIO timing by itself (this is done by software). This mode is different from the three previous software configured power saving modes. This mode is configured by hardware pin 43. Setting pin 43 high will isolate the RTL8201CP from the Media Access Controller (MAC) and the MDC/MDIO management interface. In this mode, power consumption is minimal.
Mode Analog Off
LDPS
PWD
Isolation
7.8. Media Interface
7.8.1. 100Base-TX
100Base-TX Transmit Function Transmit data in 4-bit nibbles (TXD[3:0]) clocked at 25MHz (TXC) is transformed into 5B symbol code (4B/5B encoding). Scrambling, serializing, and conversion to 125MHz, and NRZ to NRZI then takes place. After this process, the NRZI signal is passed to the MLT-3 encoder, then to the transmit line driver.
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RTL8201CP Datasheet
The transmitter will first assert TXEN. Before transmitting the data pattern, it will send a /J/K/ symbol (Start-of-frame delimiter), the data symbol, and finally a /T/R/ symbol known as the End-Of-Frame delimiter. The 4B/5B and the scramble process can be bypassed via a PHY register setting (see Table 1, page 4, Pin number 24). For better EMI performance, the seed of the scrambler is based on the PHY address. In a hub/switch environment, each RTL8201CP will have different scrambler seeds and so spread the output of the MLT-3 signals. 100Base-TX Receive Function The received signal is compensated by the adaptive equalizer to make up for signal loss due to cable attenuation and Inter Symbol Interference (ISI). Baseline Wander Correction monitors the process and dynamically applies corrections to the process of signal equalization. The PLL then recovers the timing information from the signals and from the receive clock. With this, the received signal is sampled to form NRZI data. The next steps are the NRZI to NRZ process, unscrambling of the data, serial to parallel and 5B to 4B conversion, and passing of the 4B nibble to the MII interface.
7.8.2.
100Base-FX Fiber Mode Operation
The RTL8201CP can be configured as 100Base-FX via hardware configuration. The hardware 100Base-FX setting takes priority over NWay settings. A scrambler is not required in 100Base-FX. 100Base-FX Transmit Function Di-bits of TXD are processed as 100Base-TX except without a scrambler before the NRZI stage. Instead of converting to MLT-3 signals, as in 100Base-TX, the serial data stream is driven out as NRZI PECL signals, which enter the fiber transceiver in differential-pairs form. 100Base-FX Receive Function The signal is received through PECL receiver inputs from the fiber transceiver and directly passed to the clock recovery circuit for data/clock recovery. The scrambler/de-scrambler is bypassed in 100Base-FX.
7.8.3.
10Base-T TX/RX
10Base-T Transmit Function Transmit data in 4-bit nibbles (TXD[3:0]) clocked at 25MHz (TXC) is first fed to a parallel-to-serial converter, then the 10Mbps NRZ signal is sent to a Manchester encoder. The Manchester encoder converts the 10Mbps NRZ data into a Manchester Encoded data stream for the TP transmitter and adds a Start of Idle pulse (SOI) at the end of the packet as specified in IEEE 802.3. Finally, the encoded data stream is shaped by a bandlimited filter embedded in the RTL8201CP and then transmitted. 10Base-T Receive Function In 10Base-T receive mode, the Manchester decoder in the RTL8201CP converts the Manchester encoded data stream into NRZ data by decoding the data and stripping off the SOI pulse. Then the serial NRZ data stream is converted to a parallel 4-bit nibble signal (RXD[0:3]).
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7.9. Repeater Mode Operation
Setting bit 15 of register 17 to 1, or pulling the RPTR pin high, sets the RTL8201CP into repeater mode. In repeater mode, the RTL8201CP will assert CRS high only when receiving a packet. In NIC mode, the RTL8201CP will assert CRS high both when transmitting and receiving packets. If using the RTL8201CP in a NIC or switch application, set to the default mode. NIC/Switch mode is the default setting and has the RPTR pin pulled low, or bit 15 of register 17 is set to 0.
7.10. Reset, and Transmit Bias
The RTL8201CP can be reset by pulling the RESETB pin low for about 10ms, then pulling the pin high. It can also be reset by setting bit 15 of register 0 to 1, and then setting it back to 0. Reset will clear the registers and re-initialize them. The media interface will disconnect and restart the autonegotiation/parallel detection process. The RTSET pin must be pulled low by a 2K resister with 1% accuracy to establish an accurate transmit bias. This will affect the signal quality of the transmit waveform. Keep its circuitry away from other clock traces and transmit/receive paths to avoid signal interference.
7.11. 3.3V Power Supply and Voltage Conversion Circuit
The RTL8201CP is fabricated in a 0.18m process. The core circuit needs to be powered by 1.8V, however, the digital IO and DAC circuits need a 3.3V power supply. A regulator is embedded in the RTL8201CP to convert 3.3V to 1.8V. As with many commercial voltage conversion devices, the 1.8V output pin (PWFBOUT) of this circuit requires the use of an output capacitor (22uF tantalum capacitor) as part of the device frequency compensation, and another small capacitor (0.1uF) for high frequency noise de-coupling. PWFBIN is fed with the 1.8V power from PWFBOUT through a ferrite bead as shown in the reference design schematic document (available for download from www.realtek.com.tw). Note: Do not supply 1.8V produced by any power device other than PWFBOUT and PWFBIN. The analog and digital ground planes should be as large and intact as possible. If the ground plane is large enough, the analog and digital grounds can be separated, which is the ideal configuration. However, if the total ground plane is not sufficiently large, partition of the ground plane is not a good idea. In this case, all the ground pins can be connected together to a larger single and intact ground plane.
7.12. Far End Fault Indication
The MII Reg.1.4 (Remote Fault) is the Far End Fault Indication (FEFI) bit when 100FX mode is enabled and indicates when a FEFI has been detected. FEFI is an alternative in-band signaling method which is composed of 84 consecutive `1's followed by one `0'. When the RTL8201CP detects this pattern three times, Reg.1.4 is set, which means the transmit path (the Remote side's receive path) has a problem. On the other hand, if an incoming signal fails to cause a `Link OK', the RTL8201CP will start sending this pattern, which in turn causes the remote side to detect a Far End Fault. This means that the receive path has a problem from the point of view of the RTL8201CP. The FEFI mechanism is used only in 100BaseFX mode.
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8.
8.1.1.
Characteristics
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Item Supply Voltage Storage Temperature Table 29. Absolute Maximum Ratings Minimum Typical 3.0V 3.3V -55C Maximum 3.6V 125C
8.1. DC Characteristics
8.1.2.
Item Vcc 3.3V TA
Operating Conditions
Table 30. Operating Conditions Condition Minimum 3.3V Supply voltage 3.0V Operating Temperature 0C Typical 3.3V Maximum 3.6V 70C
8.1.3.
Symbol PLDPS PAnaOff PPWD PIsolate P100F P10F P10TX P10RX P10IDLE
Power Dissipation
Table 31. Power Dissipation Condition Link down power saving mode Analog off mode Power down mode Isolate mode 100Base full duplex 10Base-T full duplex 10Base-T transmit 10Base-T receive 10Base-T idle Total Current Consumption 19mA 19mA 14mA 14mA 116mA 120mA 120mA 19mA 18mA
Test Condition: VCC=3.3V
8.1.4.
Input Voltage: Vcc
Table 32. Input Voltage: Vcc Condition Input High Vol. Input Low Vol. Output High Vol. Output Low Vol. Tri-state Leakage Input Current PECL Input High Vol. PECL Input Low Vol. PECL Output High Vol. PECL Output Low Vol. Minimum 0.5*Vcc -0.5V 0.9*Vcc -10uA -1.0uA Vdd -1.16V Vdd -1.81V Vdd -1.02V Maximum Vcc +0.5V 0.3*Vcc Vcc 0.1*Vcc 10uA 1.0uA Vdd -0.88V Vdd -1.47V Vdd -1.62V 23 Track ID: JATR-1076-21 Rev. 1.21
Symbol TTL VIH TTL VIL TTL VOH TTL VOL TTL IOZ IIN PECL VIH PECL VIL PECL VOH PECL VOL
IOH=-8mA IOL=8mA Vout=Vcc or GND Vin=Vcc or GND
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RTL8201CP Datasheet
8.2. AC Characteristics
8.2.1.
Symbol t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9
MII Transmission Cycle Timing
Table 33. MII Transmission Cycle Timing Description Minimum Typical TXCLK high pulse width 100Mbps 14 20 10Mbps TXCLK low pulse width TXCLK period TXEN, TXD[0:3] setup to TXCLK rising edge TXEN, TXD[0:3] hold after TXCLK rising edge TXEN sampled to CRS high TXEN sampled to CRS low Transmit latency Sampled TXEN inactive to end of frame 100Mbps 10Mbps 100Mbps 10Mbps 100Mbps 10Mbps 100Mbps 10Mbps 100Mbps 10Mbps 100Mbps 10Mbps 100Mbps 10Mbps 100Mbps 10Mbps 60 70 100 140 14 140 200 20 200 40 400 24 10 5 40 400 160 2000 140 400 170 Maximum 26 260 26 260 Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns
10 5
25
Figure 6 shows an example of a packet transfer from MAC to PHY on the MII interface.
t3
TXCLK
t4 t5 t1 t2
VI H(min) VI L(max)
TXD[0:3] TXEN
Figure 6. MII Transmission Cycle Timing-1
VIH(min) VI L(max)
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TXCLK TXEN TXD[0:3]
t6 t7
CRS TPTX+t8 t9
Figure 7. MII Transmission Cycle Timing-2
8.2.2.
Symbol t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9
MII Reception Cycle Timing
Table 34. MII Reception Cycle Timing Minimum Typical 100Mbps 14 20 10Mbps 140 200 RXCLK low pulse width 100Mbps 14 20 Description RXCLK high pulse width RXCLK period RXER, RXDV, RXD[0:3] setup to RXCLK rising edge RXER, RXDV, RXD[0:3] hold after RXCLK rising edge Receive frame to CRS high End of receive frame to CRS low Receive frame to sampled edge of RXDV End of receive frame to sampled edge of RXDV 10Mbps 100Mbps 10Mbps 100Mbps 10Mbps 100Mbps 10Mbps 100Mbps 10Mbps 100Mbps 10Mbps 100Mbps 10Mbps 100Mbps 10Mbps 140 200 40 400 10 6 10 6 130 600 240 600 150 3200 120 800 Maximum 26 260 26 260 Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns
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Figure 8 shows an example of a packet transfer from PHY to MAC on the MII interface.
t3
RXCLK
t1 t2
V V
IH(min) I L(max)
t4
t5
RXD[0:3] RXDV RXER
Figure 8. MII Reception Cycle Timing-1
V V
I H(min) I L(max)
RXCLK
t8 t9
RXDV RXD[0:3]
t6 t7
CRS TPRX+Figure 9. MII Reception Cycle Timing-2
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8.2.3.
SNI Transmission Cycle Timing
Symbol t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t8 Table 35. SNI Transmission Cycle Timing Description Minimum Maximum TXCLK high pulse width 36 TXCLK low pulse width 36 TXCLK period 80 120 TXEN, TXD0 setup to TXCLK rising edge 20 TXEN, TXD0 hold after TXCLK rising edge 10 Transmit latency 50 Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns
Figure 10 shows an example of a packet transfer from MAC to PHY on the SNI interface. Note: SNI mode only runs at 10Mbps.
t3 V
TXCLK
t4 t5 t1 t2
IH(min) IL(max)
V
TXD0 TXEN
Figure 10. SNI Transmission Cycle Timing-1
V V
IH(min) IL(max)
TXCLK
TXEN
TXD0
t8 t9
TPTX+-
Figure 11. SNI Transmission Cycle Timing-2
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8.2.4.
Symbol t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8
SNI Reception Cycle Timing
Table 36. SNI Reception Cycle Timing Description Minimum Typical RXCLK high pulse width 36 RXCLK low pulse width 36 RXCLK period 80 RXD0 setup to RXCLK rising edge 40 RXD0 hold after RXCLK rising edge 40 Receive frame to CRS high End of receive frame to CRS low Decoder acquisition time 600 Maximum Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns
120 50 160 1800
Figure 12 shows an example of a packet transfer from PHY to MAC on the SNI interface. Note: SNI mode only runs at 10Mbps.
t3
RXCLK
t4 t5 t1 t2
V V
IH(min) IL(max)
RXD0
Figure 12. SNI Reception Cycle Timing-1
V V
I H(min) IL(max)
RXCLK RXD0
t6 t8 t7
CRS TPRX+Figure 13. SNI Reception Cycle Timing-2
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8.2.5.
Symbol t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6
MDC/MDIO Timing
Table 37. MDC/MDIO Timing Description Minimum MDC high pulse width 160 MDC low pulse width 160 MDC period 400 MDIO setup to MDC rising edge 10 MDIO hold time from MDC rising edge 10 MDIO valid from MDC rising edge 0 Maximum Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns
300
t3
MDC
t4 t5 t1 t2
VIH(min) VIL(max)
MDIO sourced by STA MDIO sourced by RTL8201CP
VIH(min) VIL(max) t6 VIH(min) VIL(max)
Figure 14. MDC/MDIO Timing
Transmission Without Collision Figure 15 shows an example of a packet transfer from MAC to PHY.
Figure 15. MDC/MDIO MAC to PHY Transmission Without Collision Single-Chip/Port 10/100 Fast Ethernet PHYceiver 29 Track ID: JATR-1076-21 Rev. 1.21
RTL8201CP Datasheet
Reception Without Error Figure 16 shows an example of a packet transfer from PHY to MAC.
Figure 16. MDC/MDIO PHY to MAC Reception Without Error
8.3. Crystal Characteristics
Parameter Nominal Frequency Oscillation Mode Frequency Tolerance at 25C Operating Temperature Range Equivalent Series Resistance Drive Level Load Capacitance Shunt Capacitance Insulation Resistance Test Impedance Meter Aging Rate Per Year Table 38. Crystal Characteristics Range 25.000MHz Base wave 50 ppm -10C ~ +70C 30 ohm Max. 0.1 mV 20 pF 7 pF Max. Mega ohm Min./DC 100V Saunders 250A 0.0003%
8.4. Transformer Characteristics
Parameter Turn Ratio Inductance (min.) Leakage Inductance Capacitance (max) DC Resistance (max) Table 39. Transformer Characteristics Transmit End Receive End 1:1 CT 1:1 350 uH @ 8mA 350 uH @ 8mA 0.05-0.15 uH 0.05-0.15 uH 15 pF 15 pF 0.4 ohm 0.4 ohm
Note: To enable the Auto-Crossover Detection Function, a transformer with symmetrical TX/RX schematics plus TX Center Tap shorted to RX Center Tap is necessary, i.e. Pulse Engineer H1245 (refer to the suggested RTL8201CP Schematic available for download at www.realtek.com.tw).
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9.
Mechanical Dimensions
See the following page for drawing related notes.
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9.1. Mechanical Dimensions Notes
Notes:
Symb Dimension in ol inchs Min Nom A A1 0.000 0.004 A2 0.051 0.055 b 0.006 0.009 b1 0.006 0.008 c1 D D1 E E1 0.004 Dimension in millimeters Min Nom 0.00 0.1 1.30 1.40 15 0.22 0.15 0.20 0.09 1.To be determined at seating plane -c2.Dimensions D1 and E1 do not include mold protrusion. D1 and E1 are maximum plastic body size dimensions including mold mismatch. 3.Dimension b does not include dambar protrusion. Dambar can not be located on the lower radius of the foot. 4.Exact shape of each corner is optional. 5.These dimensions apply to the flat section of the lead between 0.10 mm and 0.25 mm from the lead tip. 6. A1 is defined as the distance from the seating plane to the lowest point of the package body. 7.Controlling dimension: millimeter. 8. Reference document: JEDEC MS-026, BBC TITLE: 48LD LQFP ( 7x7x1.4mm) PACKAGE OUTLINE DRAWING, FOOTPRINT 2.0mm LEADFRAME MATERIAL: APPROVE DOC. NO. VERSION 1 PAGE OF DWG NO. SS048 - P1 CHECK DATE REALTEK SEMICONDUCTOR CORP.
Max 0.067 0.008 0.059 0.011 0.010
Max 1.70 0.20 1.50 0.29 0.25
e
L L1 1 2 3 0.016 0 0
0.006 0.354 BSC 0.276 BSC 0.354 BSC 0.276 BSC 0.020 BSC 0.024 0.031 0.039 REF 3.5 9 12 TYP 12 TYP
0.16 9.00 BSC 7.00 BSC 9.00 BSC 7.00 BSC 0.50 BSC 0.60 0.80 1.00 REF 3.5 9 12 TYP 12 TYP
0.40 0 0
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10.
Ordering Information
Part Number RTL8201CP RTL8201CP-LF RTL8201CP-VD RTL8201CP-VD-LF Table 40. Ordering Information Package Rev. C. 48-pin LQFP Rev. C. 48-pin LQFP Lead (Pb)-Free package Rev. D. 48-pin LQFP Rev. D. 48-pin LQFP Lead (Pb)-Free package Status
Realtek Semiconductor Corp. Headquarters No. 2, Industry East Road IX, Science-based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan, R.O.C. Tel: 886-3-5780211 Fax: 886-3-5776047 www.realtek.com.tw
Single-Chip/Port 10/100 Fast Ethernet PHYceiver 33 Track ID: JATR-1076-21 Rev. 1.21

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